![asd criteria dsm 5 table 6.1 asd criteria dsm 5 table 6.1](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/60d2550de332b22f60eec9f4/a497a3e7-fd22-4be2-a3d3-a7bc68ec75f3/Autism+DSM.jpg)
Brief behaviors are called point-events (e.g., show, point, sit down). Observed behaviors may differ in duration. As children with ASD frequently have severe verbal communication deficits, the powerful and non-invasive observation methods of ethology may contribute significantly to the development of a more accurate and valid strategy for measuring the behavior of children with ASD ( Klein, 2000).Ī starting point in many ethological studies is the compilation of a detailed ethogram, which is a thorough descriptive catalog of the behavior patterns that form the basic behavioral repertoire of the study subjects ( Troisi, 1999). Often, the distinction between ASD and other developmental disorders, such as Intellectual Developmental Disorder (IDD), seems vague and ill-defined ( Nazeer and Ghaziuddin, 2012). The diagnosis of ASD is based on direct behavioral observation or on information about patterns of behavior and symptoms described by caregivers ( Huerta and Lord, 2012). Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are characterized by marked deficits in social reciprocity, social use of communication, and by the presence of repetitive and stereotyped behaviors or interests ( American Psychiatry Association, 2013). In this paper, we aim to show how the methodology of ethologists can be successfully employed to autism spectrum disorders. It was subsequently expanded and elaborated with regard to human behavior by Eibl-Eibesfeldt (1989). Modern ethology - that is, the science specialized in the evolutionary study of animal behavior - was founded by Lorenz, Tinbergen, and von Frisch (e.g., Lorenz, 1974 Tinbergen 1974). The results suggest that this ethogram is a powerful and useful tool for both the detailed study of the social behaviors of autistic children and adolescents, and for discriminating ASD and IDD. The predictive success of a diagnosis of ASD in the logistic regression model with the ethogram's factors was 98.4%. Significant differences were detected between both groups in classic ASD behaviors in behaviors that are deficient in ASD according to established theoretical models, such as symbolic play, gaze direction, gaze following, and use of mental state language in atypical behaviors that have also been described previously in ethological studies with ASD and in the nonspecific behaviors of ASD, such as walk, look own body, explore, and cry. An ethogram with 88 behavior elements was generated, including body postures, verbalizations, facial expressions, motor stereotypies, head postures, gaze behavior, gestures, and interpersonal distance. The purpose of the study was to develop a new ethogram for the assessment of children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and intellectual developmental disorder (IDD) and to test whether this instrument accurately distinguishes ASD participants ( n = 61) from IDD participants ( n = 61).